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【作者】杜荀鹤【朝代】唐

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经乱衰翁居破村，村中何事不伤魂。
因供寨木无桑柘，为著乡兵绝子孙。
还似平宁征赋税，未尝州县略安存。
至今鸡犬皆星散，日落前山独倚门。

译文注释

经历了多次战乱的老翁住在一个破败的村庄里，这村子中事事都叫人伤心。因为修建军队营寨，村中的桑树和柘树都被砍光了。因为组建乡兵，村中的青壮年都战死沙场，老头儿都断绝了子孙。在这种时候，官府的赋税却一点儿不能少，还像太平无事的年成一样征收。不但本乡如此，其他州县也未曾有过安抚体恤。现在连鸡犬都星散而不知去向，只剩下老人在日落时孤零零地倚着柴门叹息。

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释

乱后：指唐末黄巢起义后。经乱：经过战乱。此句一作八十老翁住坡村。伤魂：伤心。此句一作村中牢落不堪论。寨木：修建军队营寨用的木头。著：一作点，点派，征集。乡兵：地方武装。平宁：太平安宁的年头。未尝：不曾。略：稍微。安存：安抚体恤。星散：像空中的星星般分散消失，不知去向。独：一作哭。

来源：

赏析

首联虽是转述村叟的情况，但可以烈感受到无比的凄恻、沉痛之情。颔联写战乱给村叟带来的灾难。桑柘，表达对官府朝廷无声而无比愤怒的控诉和抨击。颈联则通过村叟欲求生存的愿望的破灭，使全诗具有了一种普遍性指向和代表意义。尾联衰翁有气无力倚门对着前山的落日，传神地呈现出一个衰惫乏倦、孤苦无依的老翁形象。不像多数伤田家一类揭示民生疾苦的诗作，常用贫富极端对立的方式来造成强烈的反差效果，以此对现实进行抨击（(如朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨、苗疏税多不得食，输入官仓化为土等），在这里，诗人只是真实地记叙、描摹乱后村叟的悲惨生活，而且这种记录是以一种客观... >>

作者介绍

杜荀鹤(846～904)，唐代诗人。字彦之，号九华山人。汉族，池州石埭（今安徽石台）人。大顺进士，以诗名，自成一家，尤长于宫词。官至翰学士知制诰。大顺二年，第一人擢第，复还旧山。宣州田頵遣至汴通好，朱全忠厚遇之，表授翰林学士、主客员外郎、知制诰。恃势侮易缙绅，众怒，欲杀之而未及。天祐初卒。自序其文为《唐风集》十卷，今编诗三卷。事迹见孙光宪《北梦琐言》、何光远《鉴诫录》、《旧五代史·梁书》本传、《唐诗纪事》及《唐才子传》。百科详情>>

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