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扶风豪士歌

【作者】李白【朝代】唐

拼音

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luò

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洛阳三月飞胡沙，洛阳城中人怨嗟。天津流水波赤血，
白骨相撑如乱麻。我亦东奔向吴国，浮云四塞道路赊。
东方日出啼早鸦，城门人开扫落花。梧桐杨柳拂金井，
来醉扶风豪士家。扶风豪士天下奇，意气相倾山可移。
作人不倚将军势，饮酒岂顾尚书期。雕盘绮食会众客，
吴歌赵舞香风吹。原尝春陵六国时，开心写意君所知。
堂中各有三千士，明日报恩知是谁。抚长剑，一扬眉，
清水白石何离离。脱吾帽，向君笑。饮君酒，为君吟。
张良未逐赤松去，桥边黄石知我心。

标签:

抒情

译文注释

暮春三月飞沙扬，安史胡儿太猖狂，城中百姓怨连天，哀号不绝断肝肠。天津桥下血成河，赤波呜咽泪不干，郊外白骨垒成山，南隐东南我奔迁。岂料道路尽充塞，难坏沦落士一员。直奔吴地避战乱，旭日东升曙光显，惊起鸟雀噪一片，开门扫除喜涟涟。梧桐初发柳絮飞，雕饰华丽美井栏。好景如画人欢畅，醉卧扶风豪士衙。天下奇士多直爽，与我意气投又羡，做人不以他人势，情谊深重可移山。香风欢愉客心暖，好客乡俗照胆肝。忽想战国养士人，原尝春陵四先贤，真诚待士美名扬，堂中食客人数千。今日君效前人样，礼贤下士情意长。我抚长剑谢主忙，脱帽欢笑表衷肠。饮君美酒歌一曲，来日报恩效张良。

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译文注释

胡沙：胡尘，指安禄山叛军。
飞胡沙：指洛阳陷入安禄山叛军之手。
天津：桥名。天津桥，在县北四里。隋大业元年初造此桥，以架洛水，田入缆维舟，皆以铁锁钩连之。南北夹路，对起四楼，其楼为日月表胜之象。然洛水溢，浮桥坏，贞观十四年更令石工累方石为脚。《尔雅》箕、斗之？为天汉之津，故取名焉。故治在今洛阳西南洛水上。
波赤血：流水为血色染红，谓胡兵杀人之多。
白骨句：谓尸首遍地之意。天宝十四载（年）十二月，安禄山攻陷洛阳，杀人如麻，骸骨成堆。
道路赊：道路长远。
赊：远。
金井：井口有金属之饰者。
作人句：作人，为人。辛延年《羽林郎》：昔有霍家奴，姓冯名子都。依倚将军势，调笑酒家胡。此句反其意而用之，谓扶风豪士为人不依仗权势。
原尝春陵：
指战国时四公子：赵国的平原君、齐国的孟尝君、楚国的春申君、魏国的信陵君。
抚长剑二句：咏自己才能非同一般。《孟子梁惠王下》：
夫抚剑疾视曰：彼恶敢当我哉？
张良二句：据《史记留侯世家》，张良怀抱着向强秦复仇的志向，在沂水桥上遇见黄石公，接受了《太公兵法》一编。后来，他辅佐汉高祖刘邦，立下了不朽之功。天下大定后，他不贪恋富贵，自请引退，跟着赤松子去学仙。这里作者以张良自比，暗示自己的才智和抱负。

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赏析

此诗一开始，直写时事：“洛阳三月飞胡沙，洛阳城中人怨嗟。天津流水波赤血，白骨相撑如乱麻。”这一年的正月，安禄山在洛阳称“大燕皇帝”，洛阳成了叛军的政治中心。洛城西南的天津桥下血流成河，洛城的郊野白骨如山。“我亦东奔向吴国，浮云四塞道路赊”，报国无门，空有一身匡世救国之心的诗人李白无奈只能奔往东南吴地以避战乱。
就在这时，李白遇到了“扶风豪士”。“东方日出啼早鸦”以下十句，描写在豪士家饮宴的场景。这一段写得奇宕，就是叙事过程和描写场景有很大的跳跃与转换。经这一宕，转出一个明媚华美的境界，这是闲中着色：四句赞美环境，四句赞美... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

李白（701－762），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。汉族，祖籍陇西成纪，出生于碎叶城（当时属唐朝领土，今属吉尔吉斯斯坦），4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。李白生活在盛唐时期，二十五岁时只身出蜀，开始了广泛漫游生活，南到洞庭湘江，东至吴、越，寓居在安陆、应山。直到天宝元年（742），因道士吴筠的推荐，李白被召至长安，供奉翰林，后因不能见容于权贵，在京仅两年半，就赐金放还而去，然后飘荡四方的漫游生活。李白和杜甫并称“李杜”。他的诗歌既反映了时代的繁荣景象，也揭露了统治阶级的荒淫和腐败，表现出蔑视权贵，反抗传统束缚，追求自由和理想的积极精神。百科详情>>

扶风豪士歌

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