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虞美人·春花秋月何时了

【作者】李煜【朝代】五代十国

拼音

译文

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这年的时光什么时候才能了结，往事知道有多少！昨夜小楼上又吹来了春风，在这皓月当空的夜晚，怎承受得了回忆故国的伤痛。精雕细刻的栏杆、玉石砌成的台阶应该还在，只是所怀念的人已衰老。要问我心中有多少哀愁，就像这不尽的滔滔春水滚滚东流。

春花秋月何时了？往事知多少。小楼昨夜又东风，故国不堪回首月明中。

这年的时光什么时候才能了结，往事知道有多少！昨夜小楼上又吹来了春风，在这皓月当空的夜晚，怎承受得了回忆故国的伤痛。

雕栏玉砌应犹在，只是朱颜改。问君能有几多愁？恰似一江春水向东流。

精雕细刻的栏杆、玉石砌成的台阶应该还在，只是所怀念的人已衰老。要问我心中有多少哀愁，就像这不尽的滔滔春水滚滚东流。

春花秋月何时了？往事知多少。小楼昨夜又东风，故国不堪回首月明中。
雕栏玉砌应犹在，只是朱颜改。问君能有几多愁？恰似一江春水向东流。

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译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

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译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

此调原为唐教坊曲，初咏项羽宠姬虞美人死后地下开出一朵鲜花，因以为名。又名《一江春水》、《玉壶水》、《巫山十二峰》等。双调，五十六字，上下片各四句，皆为两仄韵转两平韵。
了：了结，完结。
砌：台阶。雕栏玉砌：指远在金陵的南唐故宫。
应犹：一作“依然”。　
朱颜改：指所怀念的人已衰老。　
君：作者自称。能：或作“都”、“那”、“还”、“却”。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

大家知道，词是一种中国文学载体，始于梁代，形成于唐代，鼎盛于两宋。今天我们赏析这首南唐末代君主李煜的优秀词作—《虞美人·春花秋月何时了》。这首《虞美人》是李煜脍炙人口、千古传诵的名作也是他绝命之词。北宋太宗太平兴国三年（978），当时李煜被囚禁在汴京已近三年。相传李煜于七月七日生日当晚，在居所和歌妓作乐吟唱此词，宋太宗赵光义闻知后命人赐毒酒将其毒死，年仅四十一岁。李煜通过对自然永恒与人生无常的尖锐矛盾的对比，抒发了亡国后顿感生命落空的悲哀，是一曲生命的哀歌，也是作者绝笔之作，这首词在艺术上有其独到之处，表现了一个亡国之君的无穷的哀怨。李煜虽在政治上庸驽无能，但却多才多艺,善绘画，精音律，诗和文均有一定造诣，尤以词的成就最高，是五代最有成就的词人，被誉为“千古词帝”，也是整个词史上一流的大家。现存词可确定者三十八首，存诗十六首。他的词以亡国为分界,前期多描写宫廷享乐和男欢女爱,词风绮艳;后期多抒写亡国之痛和追念往昔帝王生活,格调哀婉凄楚。在艺术手法上,他善于运用白描,直抒胸臆,表现人物思想感情;在题材和意境方面,他突破了花间词的拘囿和狭隘,扩展了词表现生活和抒情言志的功能。因此,王国维在《人间词话》中说:“词至李后主而眼界始大,感慨遂深。”

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

《虞美人.春花秋月何时了》的写作背景：此词作于李煜被毒死之前，为北宋太宗太平兴国三年（978年），是时李煜归宋已近三年。宋太祖开宝八年（975年），宋军攻破南唐都城金陵，李煜奉表投降，南唐灭亡。三年后，即太平兴国三年，徐铉奉宋太宗之命探视李煜，李煜对徐铉叹曰：“当初我错杀潘佑、李平，悔之不已！”大概是在这种心境下，李煜写下了这首《虞美人》词。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

抒发了词人深重、难以遏制的愁绪。以春水来比喻愁绪，呼应了“春花”“东风”等点明季节的词语，又把抽象的愁绪形象化，写出了愁绪的奔腾不息和连绵不绝的特点。

运用了设问和比喻的修辞手法。把心中无形的愁苦比作滚滚东去的长江水，具体形象。

赏析相关内容

《虞美人》李煜的代表作，也是李后主的绝命词。相传他于自己生日（七月七日）之夜（“七夕”），在寓所命歌妓作乐，唱新作《虞美人》词，声闻于外。宋太宗闻之大怒，命人赐药酒，将他毒死。这首词通过今昔交错对比，表现了一个亡国之君的无穷的哀怨。
“春花秋月何时了，往事知多少！”三春花开，中秋月圆，岁月不断更替，人生多么美好。可我这囚犯的苦难岁月，什么时候才能完结呢？“春花秋月何时了”表明词人身为阶下囚，怕春花秋月勾起往事而伤怀。回首往昔，身为国君，过去许许多多的事到底做得如何呢，怎么会弄到今天这步田地？据史书记载，李煜当国君时，日日... 古诗文网>>

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作者：佚名

　　此词大约作于李煜归宋后的第三年。词中流露了不加掩饰的故国之思，据说是促使宋太宗下令毒死李煜的原因之一。那么，它等于是李煜的绝命词了。全词以问起，... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

李煜，五代十国时南唐国君，961年-975年在位，字重光，初名从嘉，号钟隐、莲峰居士。汉族，彭城（今江苏徐州）人。天祚三年七月初七，李煜出生在金陵。南唐元宗李璟第六子，于宋建隆二年(961年)继位，史称李后主。开宝八年，宋军破南唐都城，李煜降宋，被俘至汴京，封为右千牛卫上将军、违命侯。后因作感怀故国的名词《虞美人》而被宋太宗毒死。李煜虽不通政治，但其艺术才华却非凡。精书法，善绘画，通音律，诗和文均有一定造诣，尤以词的成就最高。千古杰作《虞美人》、《浪淘沙》、《乌夜啼》等词。在政治上失败的李煜，却在词坛上留下了不朽的篇章，被称为“千古词帝”。百科详情>>

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虞美人·春花秋月何时了

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