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踏莎行·初春

【作者】徐灿【朝代】清

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芳草才芽，梨花未雨，春魂已作天涯絮。
晶帘宛转为谁垂，金衣飞上樱桃树。
故国茫茫，扁舟何许，夕阳一片江流去。
碧云犹叠旧河山，月痕休到深深处。

译文注释

芳鲜的青草刚刚吐出嫩芽，雪白的梨花尚未如雨飘下。春的魂魄已随柳絮飘到天涯。水晶帘缘何柔顺地低垂，只黄莺飞落樱桃树权。故国往事早已茫然，扁舟何许？向何处飘啊一只孤独的小船飞，伴随悠悠江水驮着夕阳闪现。碧云片片仍眷恋着故国山河，痕残月啊莫再闯入它们中间。

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译文注释

踏莎行：词牌名。又名踏雪行踏云行柳长春惜余春转调踏莎行等。双调五十八字，前后段各五句、三仄。梨花句：化用白居易《长恨歌》诗梨花一枝带春雨句意，谓梨花未开放。春魂句：春天的精灵已化作柳絮飘向天涯。春魂，春之精灵。晶帘：水晶垂帘。金衣：指黄莺。故国两句：故国不知消失在何处，任凭小舟漂流，不知将飘向何处。故国，指明朝。碧云句：美丽的碧云，覆盖的仍是原先的河山。表示山河依旧，却已改朝换代。月痕：月影，月光。

来源：

赏析

这首词上片即景叙情，情致委婉。词起端就显示出心灵的酿化，在宽笔叙景之中传递着一股哀怨莫名的感情。浅草萌绿，梨花皎皎，整个北国的春天刚刚开始着色，而女词人的心灵中却已经是漫天飞絮（难以收拾的情感的弱絮）。这里的用笔微妙无比，芽字名词动用，尖颖而又空灵；未雨是指梨花尚未经春雨的洗礼，还是指梨花还没有乱落如雨，发人遐思；春魂作絮的联想，也给人奇幻空灵之感。是什么促使她产生浓郁迷离的哀怨之情。接韵曲折地传递出她心中的苦味感怀：纵然自己在水晶帘后幽幽等待所爱者的知遇，他也是不知此情。这里的典故化用十分巧妙，词人化用的是李白《玉阶怨》中表现... >>

作者介绍

徐灿（约1618－1698），字湘苹，又字明深、明霞，号深明，又号紫言（竹字头）。江南吴县（今苏州市西南）人。明末清初女词人、诗人、书画家，为“蕉园五子”之一。光禄丞徐子懋女，弘文院大学士海宁陈之遴继妻。从夫宦游，封一品夫人。工诗，尤长于词学。她的词多抒发故国之思、兴亡之感。又善属文、精书画、所画仕女设色淡雅、笔法古秀、工净有度、得北宋人法，晚年画水墨观音、间作花草。著有《拙政园诗馀》三卷，诗集《拙政园诗集》二卷，凡诗二百四十六首，今皆存。百科详情>>

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