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【作者】李白【朝代】唐

拼音

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晋家南渡日，此地旧长安。
地即帝王宅，山为龙虎盘。
金陵空壮观，天堑净波澜。
醉客回桡去，吴歌且自欢。
地拥金陵势，城回江水流。
当时百万户，夹道起朱楼。
亡国生春草，离宫没古丘。
空馀后湖月，波上对江州。
六代兴亡国，三杯为尔歌。
苑方秦地少，山似洛阳多。
古殿吴花草，深宫晋绮罗。
并随人事灭，东逝与沧波。

标签:

地名

译文注释

晋朝南渡以后，在这里建都，代替了旧日的长安。
这里的地形是人间帝王的住宅，山势则为虎踞龙盘。
而钟山却空有壮丽的景象，长江天堑也变得清波平静不起波澜。
游客在沉醉中归去，欢乐的吴歌在江上传遍。

︾查看更多︽收起更多

译文注释

⑴长安：唐以后文中常用作都城的通称。这句是说金陵（今江苏南京）在晋朝南渡后曾作为都城。旧：一作“即”。
⑵“地即”二句：一作“碧宇楼台满，青山龙虎盘”。钟山龙蟠，石头虎踞，诸葛亮称为帝王之宅。
⑶天堑：天然的壕沟，言其险要可以隔断交通。此指长江。《隋书》：陈祯明三年（589年），隋师临江，后主从容言曰：“齐兵三来，周兵再来，无勿摧败，彼何为者？”都官尚书孔范曰：“长江天堑，占以限隔南北，今日北军岂能飞度耶？”“天堑”一作“江塞”。
⑷回桡（ráo）：掉转船头，改变航向。桡：船桨。颜师古《汉书注》：“楫谓棹之短者也。今吴越之人呼为桡。”
⑸吴歌：吴地之歌。亦指江南民歌。《晋书·乐志下》：“吴歌杂曲。并出江南。东晋以来，稍有增广。”此句一作“谁云行路难”。
⑹拥：环抱的样子。金陵：这里指金陵山，即今南京的钟山。《艺文类聚》：徐爱《释问略》曰：建康北十余里有钟山，旧名金陵山，汉未金陵尉蒋子文讨贼，战亡，灵发于山，因名蒋侯祠。故世号曰蒋山。
⑺江：一作“汉”。这句意为：江水绕城而流。
⑻当时：指六朝时期。
⑼夹道：在道路两旁。《周礼·秋官·乡士》：“帅其属，夹道而跸三公。”朱搂：谓富丽华美的楼阁。谢朓诗：“逶迤带绿水，迢递起朱搂。”
⑽国：都城。亡国：指相继灭亡的六朝的故都金陵。
⑾王宫：一作“离宫”。离宫：正宫之外供帝王出巡时居住的宫室。
⑿空余：只剩下。后湖：即金陵城北的玄武湖，在今南京市东北。《初学记》：建业有后湖，一名玄武湖。《景定建康志》：玄武湖亦名蒋陵湖，亦名秣陵湖，亦名后湖，在城北二里，周回四十里，东西有沟流入秦淮，深六尺，灌田一百顷。《一统志》：玄武湖，在应天府太平门外，周回四十里，晋名北湖。刘宋元嘉末有黑龙见，故改名，今称后湖。
⒀瀛（yíng）洲：传说中的仙山。这里指玄武湖中的洲岛。瀛：一作“江”。
⒁六代：即六朝。《小学绀珠》：六朝：吴、东晋、宋、齐、梁、陈，皆都建业。
⒂秦地：指秦国所辖的地域。此指长安。少：一作“小”。
⒃“山似”句：《景定建康志》：洛阳四山围，伊、洛、瀍、涧在中。建康亦四山围，秦淮、直读在中。故云：“风景不殊，举目有山河之异。”李白云“山似洛阳多”，许浑云“只有青山似洛中”，谓此也。《太平寰宇记》：《丹阳记》云：出建阳门望钟山，似出上东门望首阳山也。
⒄深宫：宫禁之中，帝王居住处。战国楚宋玉《风赋》：“故其清凉雄风，则飘举升降，乘凌高城，入于深宫。”绮罗：泛指华贵的丝织品或丝绸衣服。汉徐干《情诗》：“绮罗失常色，金翠暗无精。”
⒅与：一作“只”。沧波：碧波。李白《古风》之十二：“昭昭严子陵，垂钓沧波间。”

来源：古诗文网

赏析

瞿蜕园、朱金城指出这同储光羲《临江亭王咏》词意相似，都是怀古概今、忧伤时事之作，显有弦外之音（李白集校注》卷二十二评笺）。
第一首描绘金陵城的壮险形势以寄慨。诗人一落笔便流露出深沉的吊古伤今之情。起句“晋家南渡日”概括了西晋末的一场历史浩劫。晋怀帝永嘉五年（311），前汉刘聪的相国刘曜引兵攻陷洛阳，怀帝被俘，士民死者三万余人。汉兵烧杀抢掠，掘陵墓，焚宫庙，将洛阳变成一片废墟。是年，汉兵又攻占长安。中原士民避乱者多南渡江。而今，李白游金陵之时，自范阳起兵的安禄山已攻陷长安，玄宗仓皇出逃四川。北方人土纷纷携家南渡，避乱江东。... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

李白（701－762），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。汉族，祖籍陇西成纪，出生于碎叶城（当时属唐朝领土，今属吉尔吉斯斯坦），4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。李白生活在盛唐时期，二十五岁时只身出蜀，开始了广泛漫游生活，南到洞庭湘江，东至吴、越，寓居在安陆、应山。直到天宝元年（742），因道士吴筠的推荐，李白被召至长安，供奉翰林，后因不能见容于权贵，在京仅两年半，就赐金放还而去，然后飘荡四方的漫游生活。李白和杜甫并称“李杜”。他的诗歌既反映了时代的繁荣景象，也揭露了统治阶级的荒淫和腐败，表现出蔑视权贵，反抗传统束缚，追求自由和理想的积极精神。百科详情>>

金陵三首

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