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qiān

千

chuí

锤

wàn

万

záo

凿

chū

出

shēn

深

shān

山

，

liè

烈

huǒ

火

fén

焚

shāo

烧

ruò

若

děng

等

xián

闲

。

fěn

粉

gǔ

骨

suì

碎

shēn

身

hún

浑

bù

不

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怕

，

yào

要

liú

留

qīng

清

bái

白

zài

在

rén

人

jiān

间

。

千锤万凿出深山，烈火焚烧若等闲。

石灰石只有经过千万次的锤打才能从深山里开采出来，熊熊烈火的焚烧对它来说好像是很平常的事情。

粉骨碎身浑不怕，要留清白在人间。

即使粉身碎骨，它也毫不惧怕，甘愿把一身清白留在人世间。

标签:

爱国励志咏物古诗三百首小学古诗情感数字

出自部编版六年级下《古诗三首》

《马诗二十三首·其五》《竹石》

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊生字

（石灰石）只有经过千万次锤打才能从深山里开采出来，它把熊熊烈火的焚烧当作很平常的一件事。
即使粉身碎骨也毫不惧怕，甘愿把一身清白留在人世间。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊生字

1.石灰吟：赞颂石灰。吟：吟颂。指古代歌体裁的一种名称（古代诗歌的一种形式）。
2.千锤万凿：无数次的锤击开凿，形容开采石灰非常艰难。千、万：虚词，形容很多。锤：锤打。凿：开凿。
3.若等闲：好像很平常的事情。若：好像、好似；等闲：平常，轻松。
4.清白：指石灰洁白的本色，又比喻高尚的节操。
5.人间：人世间。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊生字

《石灰吟》是明代政治家、文学家于谦创作的一首七言绝句。此诗托物言志，采用象征手法，字面上是咏石灰，实际借物喻人，托物寄怀，表现了诗人高洁的理想。全诗笔法凝炼，一气呵成，语言质朴自然，不事雕琢，感染力很强；尤其是作者那积极进取的人生态度和大无畏的凛然正气更给人以启迪和激励。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊生字

于谦从小学习刻苦，志向远大。相传有一天，他信步走到一座石灰窑前，观看师傅们煅烧石灰。只见一堆堆青黑色的山石，经过熊熊的烈火焚烧之后，都变成了白色的石灰。他深有感触，略加思索之后便写下了此诗。据说此时的于谦才十二岁，他写下这首诗不只是石灰形象的写照，更是他日后的人生追求。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊 生字

此诗托物言志

采用象征手法

字面上是咏石灰

实际借物喻人托物寄怀

表现了诗人高洁的理想。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊生字

luò

lào

释义 1.粗丝绵 2.网状的东西 3.中医指人体内气血运行通道的旁支或小支 4.（用网状物）兜住或套住 5.缠绕

chuí

释义 1.敲击工具。一般用钢铁制成，形状各异 2.用锤子敲打 3.像锤的东西

záo

释义 1.凿子。挖槽或穿孔的工具 2.打洞 3.挖掘 4.用凿子凿出的眼 5.真实；明确

fén

释义 1.烧

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此诗借吟石灰的锻炼过程，表现了作者不避千难万险，勇于自我牺牲，以保持忠诚清白品格的可贵精神。
首句“千锤万凿出深山”是形容开采石灰石很不容易。次句中“烈火焚烧”，指烧炼石灰石，加上“若等闲”三字，使人感到不仅是在写烧炼石灰石，似乎还象征着志士仁人无论面临着怎样严峻的考验，都从容不迫，视若等闲。
第三句中的“粉骨碎身”极形象地写出将石灰石烧成石灰粉的过程，而“浑不怕”三字又使我们联想到其中可能寓有不怕牺牲的精神。至于最后一句“要留清白在人间”，更是作者在直抒情怀，立志要做纯洁清白的人。
作者于谦为官廉洁正直...

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作者：佚名

　　于谦从小学习刻苦，志向远大。相传有一天，他信步走到一座石灰窑前，观看师傅吟们煅烧石灰。只见一堆堆青黑色的山石，经过熊熊的烈火焚烧之后，都变成... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

于谦（1398年5月13日－1457年2月16日）,明钱塘（今浙江杭州)人，字廷益，号节庵[ān]。永乐进士，宣德初授御史，曾随宣宗镇压汉王朱高煦[xù]之叛。平叛后，身为御史的于谦因数落朱高煦有功，被宣宗升任巡按江西，颂声满道。五年(1430年），以兵部右侍郎巡抚河南、山西。正统十一年(1446年)进京觐见因不向王振献媚送礼，引起王振不满遭其暗地指使其党羽李锡给他加上对皇帝不满的罪名下狱论死。后因两省百姓官吏乃至藩王力请复任。十四年土木堡之变，明英宗被瓦剌俘获，他力排南迁之议，坚请固守，进兵部尚书。代宗立，整饬兵备，部署要害，亲自督战，率师二十二万，列阵北京九门外，破瓦剌之军。加少保，总督军务。也先挟英宗逼和，他以社稷为重君为轻，不许。也先以无隙可乘，被迫释放英宗。英宗既归，仍以和议难恃，择京军精锐分十团营操练，又遣兵出关屯守，边境以安。其时朝野多事，乃独运征调，悉合机宜，号令明审，片纸行万里外无不惕息。他忧国忘身，口不言功，自奉俭约，所居仅蔽风雨，但性固刚直，颇遭众忌。天顺元年(1457年)英宗复辟，石亨等诬其谋立襄王之子，被杀。成化初，复官赐祭，弘治二年(1489年)谥肃愍。万历中，改谥忠肃。有《于忠肃集》。于谦与岳飞、张煌言并称“西湖三杰”。百科详情>>

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