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鱼丽

【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

拼音

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鱼丽于罶，鲂鳢。君子有酒，多且旨。
鱼丽于罶，鰋鲤。君子有酒，旨且有。物其多矣，
维其嘉矣！物其旨矣，维其偕矣！物其有矣，维其时矣！

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宴会写酒写鱼诗经乐歌动植物场景

译文注释

鱼儿落进捕鱼篓，鲿鱼魦鱼都鲜活。
主人有酒宴宾客，那酒甘美又盛多。
鱼儿落进捕鱼篓，鲂鱼鳢鱼嫩而肥。
主人有酒宴宾客，那酒盛多又甘美。
鱼儿落进捕鱼篓，鰋鱼鲤鱼一齐煮。
主人有酒宴宾客，那酒甘美又丰足。
食物丰盛实在妙，质量又是非常好。
食物甘美任品味，各种各类很齐备。
食物应有尽有之，供应也都很及时。

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译文注释

1.丽：《书·吕刑》：“越兹丽刑并制，罔差有辞。”《·鄘风·干旄》：“良马五之。”孔颖达疏引三国魏王肃曰：“夏后氏驾两谓之丽。”《诗·大雅·文王》：“商之孙子，其丽不亿。”《周礼·夏官·校人》：“丽马一圉。”《荀子·正名》：“累而成文，名之丽也。”《小尔雅·广言》：“丽，两也。”这里用为成群结队之意。
2.罶：（liu柳）《诗·小雅·苕之华》：“牂羊坟首，三星在罶。”这里用为捕鱼的竹篓子之意。
3.鲿：（chang尝）动物名。鲿科鱼类的通称。《诗·周颂·潜》：“有鱣有鲔，鲦鲿鰋鲤。”
4.旨：《书·说命中》：“旨哉，说。乃言惟服。”《诗·邶风·谷风》：“我有旨蓄，亦以御冬。”《诗·陈风·防有鹊巢》：“防有鹊巢，邛有旨苕。”《诗·周颂·丝衣》：“旨酒思柔，不吴不敖。”《诗·鲁颂·泮水》：“既饮旨酒。”《论语·阳货》：“夫君子之居丧，食旨不甘，闻乐不乐，居处不安，故不为也。”《仪礼·乡饮礼》：“告旨。”《礼记·学记》：“虽有嘉肴，弗食，不知其旨也。”《说文》：“旨，美也。从甘，匕声。”这里用为美昧的食物之意。
5.鲂：（fáng防）鱼名。鳊鱼的古称。《诗·齐风·敝笱》：“敝笱在梁，其鱼鲂鳏。”《诗·小雅·采绿》：“其钓维何，维鲂及鱮。”
6.鳢：（lǐ礼）一种淡水鱼，体圆长，口大，牙尖，色黑，有斑点，性凶猛；捕食其他鱼类。肉肥美，供食用。又名黑鱼、乌鳢、铜鱼；俗称“乌鱼”。
7.鰋：（yǎn偃）即鲇鱼。《诗·周颂·潜》：“有鱣有鲔，鲦鲿鰋鲤。”
8.偕：《诗·鄘风·君子偕老》：“君子偕老，副笄六珈。”《诗·魏风·陟岵》：“夙夜必偕。”《诗·小雅·宾之初筵》：“酒既和旨，饮酒孔偕。”《左传·庄公七年》：“与雨偕也。”《孟子·公孙丑上》：“故由由然与之偕而不自失焉。”《说文》：“偕，俱也。”这里用为共同在一起之意。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

《小雅·鱼丽》，为周代燕飧宾客通用之乐歌。中盛赞宴享时酒肴之甘美盛多，以见丰年多稼，主人待客殷勤，宾主共同欢乐的情景。诗中所称的“君子”，是宾客对主人美称。
全诗六章，显示欢乐的气氛，在赞美酒肴丰富的同时，并于后三章进而赞美年丰物阜，故而在宴会当中，宾主得以尽情享受。诗的前三章，章四句，皆以“鱼丽”起兴，具体地歌赞主人酒宴的丰盛，礼遇的周到，可以说是全诗的主体部分。诗人从鱼和酒两方面着笔，并没有写宴会的全部情景。以鱼的品种众多，暗示其他肴馔的丰盛；以酒的既多且旨，表明宴席上宾主尽情欢乐的盛况。写鱼的品种众多，不厌其详，写... 古诗文网>>

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