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凉州词二首·其一

【作者】王翰【朝代】唐

拼音

译文

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pú
葡
táo
萄
měi
美
jiǔ
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gǔ

古

lái

来

zhēng

征

zhàn

战

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几

rén

人

huí

回

？

酒筵上甘醇的葡萄美酒盛满在精美的夜光杯之中，歌伎们弹奏起急促欢快的琵琶声助兴催饮，想到即将跨马奔赴沙场杀敌报国，战士们个个豪情满怀。今日一定要一醉方休，即使醉倒在战场上又何妨？此次出征为国效力，本来就打算马革裹尸，没有准备活着回来。

葡萄美酒夜光杯，欲饮琵琶马上催。

酒筵上甘醇的葡萄美酒盛满在精美的夜光杯之中，歌伎们弹奏起急促欢快的琵琶声助兴催饮，想到即将跨马奔赴沙场杀敌报国，战士们个个豪情满怀。

醉卧沙场君莫笑，古来征战几人回？

今日一定要一醉方休，即使醉倒在战场上又何妨？此次出征为国效力，本来就打算马革裹尸，没有准备活着回来。

葡萄美酒夜光杯，欲饮琵琶马上催。
醉卧沙场君莫笑，古来征战几人回？

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唐诗三百首宴饮场景战争豪放边塞

出自部编版四年级上《古诗三首》

《出塞》《夏日绝句》

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

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译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

1.凉州词：唐乐府名，属《近代曲辞》，是《凉州曲》的唱词，盛唐时流行的一种曲调名。凉州词：王翰写有《凉州词》两首，慷慨悲壮，广为流传。而这首《凉州词》被明代王世贞推为唐代七绝的压卷之作。
2.夜光杯：用白玉制成的酒杯，光可照明，这里指华贵而精美的酒杯。据《海内十洲记》所载，为周穆王时西胡所献之宝。
3.欲：将要。
4.琵琶：这里指作战时用来发出号角的声音时用的。
5.催：催人出征；也有人解作鸣奏助兴。
6.沙场：平坦空旷的沙地，古时多指战场。
7.君：你。
8.征战：打仗。

来源：古诗文网

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

《凉州词》是唐代诗人王翰的组诗作品。描写了边塞将士们难得的一次欢聚的酒宴，表现出激昂兴奋的情绪、开怀痛饮一醉方休的场面，是边地荒凉的环境、紧张动荡的征戍生活的写照，具有浓郁的边地色彩和军营生活的风味。首句写筵席。以三个名词并列，选择宴席上三件华美物品，展现五光十色、流光溢彩、酒香四溢的盛大筵席，犹如突然间拉开大幕，激情四射，音调铿锵，给读者强烈的冲击力，为全诗奠定了感情基调。次句写饮酒。开头“欲饮”二字，突出美酒佳肴的诱人魅力，表现出将士们豪爽开朗的性格。大家“欲饮”之时，乐队奏起了琵琶，急促欢快的旋律，催促将士们举杯痛饮。此句的语序特别，可以理解“欲饮马上琵琶催”或“马上琵琶催欲饮”。三、四两句写畅饮和劝酒。开怀畅饮，醉就醉吧，诸君不要见笑，古往今来，征战沙场者有几人能回去的呢？这首诗渲染了出征前盛大华贵的酒筵以及战士们痛快豪饮的场面，表现了战士们将生死置之度外的旷达、奔放的思想感情。

译文注释讲解背景知识锦囊

这是一组边塞诗，其具体创作时间未能确证。《凉州词》是乐府歌词，是按凉州（今甘肃武威）地方乐调歌唱的。作者观看了出征前盛大华贵的酒筵以及战士们痛快豪饮的场面，有感而发，写下了这首诗。

译文注释讲解背景 知识锦囊

凉州词：唐乐府名，盛唐时流行的一种曲调名。

夜光杯指用白玉制成的酒杯，光可照明，这里指华贵而精美的酒杯。

“醉卧沙场”表现出来的不仅是豪放、开朗、兴奋的感情，而且还有着视死如归的勇气。

沙场指平坦空旷的沙地，古时多指战场。

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凉州在今甘肃武威，唐时属陇右道，音乐多杂有西域龟兹（今新疆库车一带）诸国的胡音。唐陇右经略使郭知运在开元年间，把凉州曲谱进献给玄宗后，迅即流行，颇有诗人依谱创作《凉州歌》、《凉州词》者，以抒写边塞风情。这体现了唐人以毫不介怀的态度，对外来文化进行吸收、消化和创新的盛世魄力和大国风范。葡萄自汉朝由西域传入中原，但用来酿酒的风气到唐朝还是以西域为盛。夜光杯，相传是周穆王时代，西胡用白玉精制成，因“光明夜照”得名。此杯此酒，又有如此洋溢着胡地情调的马背上琵琶弹奏来助兴，几个富有特色的意象交相映衬，就把边地军营的开怀痛饮，渲染得华艳不俗... 诗词名句网>>

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新解

作者：佚名

　　七言绝句《凉州曲》：“葡萄美酒夜光杯，欲饮琵琶马上催，醉卧沙场君莫笑，古来征战几人回。”作者王翰，字子羽，唐时并州晋阳人。对于此，《唐诗三百首》... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

王翰，唐代边塞诗人。字子羽，并州晋阳（今山西太原市）人，著名诗人。王翰这样一个有才气的诗人，其集不传。其诗载于《全唐诗》的，仅有14首。闻一多先生《唐诗大系》定王翰生卒年为公元687至726年，并未提出确切的材料依据。百科详情>>

凉州词二首·其一

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