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送王郎

【作者】黄庭坚【朝代】宋

拼音

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。

酌君以蒲城桑落之酒，泛君以湘累秋菊之英。
赠君以黟川点漆之墨，送君以阳关堕泪之声。
酒浇胸次之磊块，菊制短世之颓龄。
墨以传万古文章之印，歌以写一家兄弟之情。
江山千里俱头白，骨肉十年终眼青。
连床夜语鸡戒晓，书囊无底谈未了。
有功翰墨乃如此，何恨远别音书少。
炒沙作縻终不饱，缕冰文章费工巧。
要须心地收汗马，孔孟行世目杲杲。
有弟有弟力持家，妇能养姑供珍鲑。
儿大诗书女丝麻，公但读书煮春茶。

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送别劝慰目的写人赞美

译文注释

请你喝蒲城产的桑落美酒，再在酒杯里浮上几片屈原曾经吃过的菊花。送给你黟川出产的亮黑如漆的名墨，又送上曲凄凉动情的阳关曲催人泪下。美酒使你胸中郁塞的磊块尽化，秋菊使你停止衰老寿数无涯。名墨让你写下流传万古的佳作，歌曲使你感受到兄弟间情义无价。我们都已头发斑白流落天涯，十年来骨肉情谊，青眼相加。今天我们睡在一起彻夜长谈，不觉鸡已报晓；你满腹诗书，口若悬河，说个不了。学问精进到了这个地步，怎能为远别后音书难通抱恨怨恼？把沙石炒热终究不能当饭谋求一饱，在冰块上雕花只是白白地追求工巧。请你收敛心神沉潜道义，定能体会出孔孟学术的精要。你有弟弟能够勤俭持家，妻子又贤惠孝敬婆婆从不怠懈。儿子长大了能读诗书，女儿能干勤纺丝麻。你呢，只要安心地享乐，读书之余，品味新茶。

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译文注释

王郎：黄庭坚的妹夫王纯亮，字世弼。
蒲城：即蒲坂，今山西永济县。
桑落酒：蒲城所产的名酒。《水经注》说蒲城民刘白堕，擅酿酒，在桑落时酒开始酿。后世因以其时酿的酒名桑落。
湘累：屈原自沉于湘地之水，非罪而死称累，后世因称屈原为湘累。
秋菊之英：菊花。《离骚》有夕餐秋菊之落英句。
黟川：汉县名，即今安徽歙县，以产墨出名。
点漆：指上等好墨。萧子良《答王僧虔书》：仲将之墨，一点如漆。
阳关：指王维所作《阳关曲》，一名《送元二使安西》，后人谱以乐，用作送别曲。
磊块：胸中郁结与不平。《世说新语任诞》有阮籍胸中磊块，故须酒浇之语。
制：制止，延缓。
短世：短暂的人生。
颓龄：衰老之年。陶渊明《九日闲居》：酒能祛百虑，菊为制颓龄。
印：痕迹。
眼青：即青眼，有好感，相契合。《晋书阮籍传》云，阮籍不拘礼法，凡俗士来访，以白眼对之，嵇康来，大悦，乃对以青眼。
连床夜语：状亲密相处情景。
炒沙作糜：炒沙成粥，比喻不可能的事。《楞严经》：若不断淫修禅定者，如蒸砂石，欲成其饭，经百千劫，只名热砂。何以故？此非饭，本砂石故。
镂冰文章：在冰上雕镂，喻劳而无功。语出《盐铁论殊路》：内无其质而外学其文，虽有贤师良友，若画脂镂冰，费日损功。
心地收汗马：指内心有实在的收获。黄庭坚在《与王子予书》
中曾说：想以道义敌纷华之兵，战胜久矣。
古人云：并敌一向，千里杀将。要须心地收汗马之功，读书乃有味。
日杲杲：如红日一般光亮。
珍鲑：对鱼菜美称。

来源：

赏析

这首诗作于1084年（元丰七年），当时黄庭坚四十岁，从知太和县〈今属江西)调监德州德平镇（今山东德平）。王郎，即王纯亮，字世粥，是作者的妹夫，亦能诗，作者集中和他唱和的诗颇多。这时黄庭坚初到德州，王纯亮去看他，临别之前，作此送王纯亮。
这首诗自起句至“骨肉十年终眼青”为第一段，写送别。它不转韵，穿插四句七言之外，连用六句九言长句，用排比法一口气倾泻而出；九言长句，音调铿锵，词藻富丽：这在黄庭坚诗中是很少见的“别调”。这种机调和词藻，颇为读者所喜爱，所以此诗传诵较广，用陈衍评黄庭坚《寄黄几复》诗的话来说，是“此老最合时宜语... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

黄庭坚（1045－1105），字鲁直，自号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，又称豫章黄先生，汉族，洪州分宁（今江西修水）人。北宋诗人、词人、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，而且，他跟杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄为其中一宗）之称。英宗治平四年(1067)进士。历官叶县尉、北京国子监教授、校书郎、著作佐郎、秘书丞、涪州别驾、黔州安置等。诗歌方面，他与苏轼并称为“苏黄”；书法方面，他则与苏轼、米芾、蔡襄并称为“宋代四大家”；词作方面，虽曾与秦观并称“秦黄”，但黄氏的词作成就却远逊于秦氏。百科详情>>

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