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王昭君二首

【作者】李白【朝代】唐

拼音

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汉家秦地月，流影照明妃。
一上玉关道，天涯去不归。
汉月还从东海出，明妃西嫁无来日。
燕支长寒雪作花，蛾眉憔悴没胡沙。
生乏黄金枉图画，死留青冢使人嗟。
昭君拂玉鞍，上马啼红颊。
今日汉宫人，明朝胡地妾。

标签:

写人乐府

译文注释

汉家秦地上空的明月，飘光流影照耀着明妃王昭君。一日出嫁，登上玉关道，天涯一去不复归。汉月还可以从东海升起，明妃西嫁，没有回归之日。燕支山天地冻寒，好将雪花当作鲜花，蛾眉憔悴埋没胡沙之中。就因为生前没有黄金，以至被画工画成为丑八怪，只有死后埋葬沙漠的青冢，使人悲叹。王昭君拍拂着玉鞍，上马后啼哭污染面颊红装。今日汉朝宫人，明天就成为胡人的妻妾。

译文注释

这两首诗为相和歌辞。相和歌是中国汉代在街陌谣讴基础上继承先秦楚声等传统而形成的一种音乐。主要在官宦巨贾宴饮、娱乐等场合演奏，也用于宫廷的元旦朝会与宴饮、祀神乃至民间风俗活动等场合。相和歌之名最早记载见于《晋书乐志》：相和，汉旧歌也。丝竹更相和，执节者歌。其特点是歌者自击节鼓与伴奏的管弦乐器相应和，并由此而得名。
秦地：指原秦国所辖的地域。此处指长安。
明妃：汉元帝宫人王嫱，字昭君，晋代避司马昭（文帝）讳，改称明君，后人又称之为明妃。
玉关：即玉门关。
玉门关：汉武帝置。因西域输入玉石时取道于此而得名。汉时为通往西域各地的门户。故址在今甘肃敦煌西北小方盘城。唐王之涣有春风不度玉门关（《凉州词二首其一》）。
燕支：指燕支山，汉初以前曾为匈奴所据。山上生长一种燕支草，匈奴女子用来化妆，故名。
蛾眉：细长而弯的眉毛，多指美女。
胡沙：西方和北方的沙漠或风沙。
枉图画：昭君曾作为掖庭待诏，被选入汉元帝的后宫。当时其他宫女为了早日博得恩宠，都用黄金贿赂宫廷画师毛延寿，希望把自己画美，被皇上选中。独有王昭君自恃貌美，不愿行贿，所以毛延寿便在她的画像上点上丧夫落泪痣。昭君便被贬入冷宫年，无缘面君。
青冢：即昭君墓。在今内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市南。据说入秋以后塞外草色枯黄，惟王昭君墓上草色青葱一片，所以叫青冢。

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赏析

汉朝宫女王昭君远嫁匈奴单于呼韩邪的故事，因为故事精彩、寓意丰富，自汉代以来就在民间广泛流传，不仅赢得了老百姓的喜爱，也成为历朝历代文人墨客经久不衰的一个创作题材。千百年来，产生了许多动人的民间传说，而且以王昭君故事为题材创作的诗歌、小说、戏剧也多得数不清。唐朝大诗人李白的《王昭君二首》，就是这方面有代表性的作品。公元752、753年（唐天宝十一、二年）间，李白继幽州之行又有一次漠北之行，他离开幽州南下魏郡又沿太行北上，入河东道，至云中郡，而后北行至单于都护府凭吊昭君墓，写下《王昭君二首》。因为对于昭君出塞，李白满怀惋惜之情，所以... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

李白（701－762），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。汉族，祖籍陇西成纪，出生于碎叶城（当时属唐朝领土，今属吉尔吉斯斯坦），4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。李白生活在盛唐时期，二十五岁时只身出蜀，开始了广泛漫游生活，南到洞庭湘江，东至吴、越，寓居在安陆、应山。直到天宝元年（742），因道士吴筠的推荐，李白被召至长安，供奉翰林，后因不能见容于权贵，在京仅两年半，就赐金放还而去，然后飘荡四方的漫游生活。李白和杜甫并称“李杜”。他的诗歌既反映了时代的繁荣景象，也揭露了统治阶级的荒淫和腐败，表现出蔑视权贵，反抗传统束缚，追求自由和理想的积极精神。百科详情>>

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