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枯鱼过河泣

【作者】李白【朝代】唐

拼音

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白龙改常服，偶被豫且制。
谁使尔为鱼，徒劳诉天帝。
作书报鲸鲵，勿恃风涛势。
涛落归泥沙，翻遭蝼蚁噬。
万乘慎出入，柏人以为识。

标签:

典故寓理

译文注释

白龙改换常服，变化为鱼，被渔翁豫且制服。白龙上天投诉，天帝说：谁叫你变化为鱼？现在来告状有什么意义白龙作书报告鲸鲵，千万别恃风涛之势上岸。海涛落下，终归泥沙，翻遭蝼蚁小虫嚼噬。万乘之尊出入宜谨慎，应该以柏人为皇帝行止戒备的典故而提高认识。

译文注释

白龙二句：据刘向《说苑正谏》
引伍子胥谏吴王语：天上白龙下于清冷之渊化为鱼，为渔人豫且射中其目。豫且，春秋时宋国渔人。
谁使二句：按《说苑》
引伍子胥谏吴王语：白龙为豫且射中其目后诉诸天帝。
天帝曰：当是之时，若安置而形？
白龙对曰：吾下清冷之渊化为鱼。
天帝曰：鱼本为人所射也，既为如此，豫且何罪之有？
鲸鲵：大鱼。雄曰鲸，雌曰鲵。古时比喻不义之人。
恃：依仗。
翻：反而，副词。
蝼蚁：蝼蛄和蚂蚁，比喻力量薄弱地位很低的人。
噬：咬。
万乘：指代君王。乘，四匹马拉的战车。
柏人句：用汉高祖典故。《史记张耳陈余列传》：汉八年，上从东垣还，过赵，贯高等乃壁人柏人（于柏人县馆舍壁中藏人欲行弑），要之置厕。上过欲宿，心动，
问曰：县名为何？
曰：柏人。柏人者，迫于人也！不宿而去。识，一作诫。

来源：

作者介绍

李白（701－762），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。汉族，祖籍陇西成纪，出生于碎叶城（当时属唐朝领土，今属吉尔吉斯斯坦），4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。李白生活在盛唐时期，二十五岁时只身出蜀，开始了广泛漫游生活，南到洞庭湘江，东至吴、越，寓居在安陆、应山。直到天宝元年（742），因道士吴筠的推荐，李白被召至长安，供奉翰林，后因不能见容于权贵，在京仅两年半，就赐金放还而去，然后飘荡四方的漫游生活。李白和杜甫并称“李杜”。他的诗歌既反映了时代的繁荣景象，也揭露了统治阶级的荒淫和腐败，表现出蔑视权贵，反抗传统束缚，追求自由和理想的积极精神。百科详情>>

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