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望洋兴叹

【作者】庄子【朝代】先秦

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qiū

秋

shuǐ

水

shí

时

zhì

至

，

bǎi

百

chuān

川

guàn

灌

hé

河

；

jīng

泾

liú

流

zhī

之

dà

大

，

liǎng

两

sì

涘

zhǔ

渚

yá

崖

zhī

之

jiān

间

bù

不

biàn

辩

niú

牛

mǎ

马

。

yú

于

shì

是

yān

焉

hé

河

bó

伯

xīn

欣

rán

然

zì

自

xǐ

喜

，

yǐ

以

tiān

天

xià

下

zhī

之

měi

美

wèi

为

jǐn

尽

zài

在

jǐ

己

。

shùn

顺

liú

流

ér

而

dōng

东

xíng

行

，

zhì

至

yú

于

běi

北

hǎi

海

，

dōng

东

miàn

面

ér

而

shì

视

，

bú

不

jiàn

见

shuǐ

水

duān

端

。

yú

于

shì

是

yān

焉

hé

河

bó

伯

shǐ

始

xuán

旋

qí

其

miàn

面

mù

目

，

wàng

望

yáng

洋

xiàng

向

ruò

若

ér

而

tàn

叹

yuē

曰

“

yě

野

yǔ

语

yǒu

有

zhī

之

yuē

曰

‘

wén

闻

dào

道

bǎi

百

，

yǐ

以

wéi

为

mò

莫

jǐ

己

ruò

若

’

zhě

者

，

wǒ

我

zhī

之

wèi

谓

yě

也

。

qiě

且

fū

夫

wǒ

我

cháng

尝

wén

闻

shǎo

少

zhòng

仲

ní

尼

zhī

之

wén

闻

ér

而

qīng

轻

bó

伯

yí

夷

zhī

之

yì

义

zhě

者

，

shǐ

始

wú

吾

fú

弗

xìn

信

；

jīn

今

wǒ

我

dǔ

睹

子

zhī

之

nán

难

qióng

穷

yě

也

，

wú

吾

fēi

非

zhì

至

yú

于

子

zhī

之

mén

门

zé

则

dài

殆

yǐ

矣

，

wú

吾

zhǎng

长

jiàn

见

xiào

笑

yú

于

dà

大

fāng

方

zhī

之

jiā

家

”

秋水时至，百川灌河；泾流之大，两涘渚崖之间不辩牛马。
于是焉河伯欣然自喜，以天下之美为尽在己。
顺流而东行，至于北海，东面而视，不见水端。
于是焉河伯始旋其面目，望洋向若而叹曰：“野语有之曰，‘闻道百，以为莫己若’者，我之谓也。
且夫我尝闻少仲尼之闻而轻伯夷之义者，始吾弗信；今我睹子之难穷也，吾非至于子之门则殆矣，吾长见笑于大方之家。
”

译文注释

秋季的霖雨如期而至，千百条小河注入黄河。水流宽阔，两岸和水中洲岛之间，连牛马都分辨不清。于是乎，河伯洋洋自得，认为天下的美景都集中在他自己这里。顺着流水向东方行走，一直到达北海，面向东看去，看不到水的尽头。这时，河伯转变了自己的脸色，抬头仰视着海神若叹息说：俗话所说的知道的道理很多了，便认为没有谁能比得上自己，这正是说我呀。再说，我曾经听说(有人)认为仲尼的学识少，伯夷的义行不值得看重。开始我还不敢相信，现在我亲眼目睹了大海您大到难以穷尽，如果我没有来到您的身边，那就很危险了，我将要永远被明白大道理的人嘲笑。

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