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妾薄命

【作者】李白【朝代】唐

拼音

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hàn

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dì

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，

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金

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汉帝重阿娇，贮之黄金屋。
咳唾落九天，随风生珠玉。
宠极爱还歇，妒深情却疏。
长门一步地，不肯暂回车。
雨落不上天，水覆难再收。
君情与妾意，各自东西流。
昔日芙蓉花，今成断根草。
以色事他人，能得几时好。

标签:

乐府哲理

译文注释

汉武帝宠爱阿娇时，曾说要将她贮在黄金屋里。她位高势崇时，就是吐一口睡沫，也会随风化为珠玉。但是宠极爱衰，由于她性情嫉妒，被汉武帝所疏远。即使离长门宫只有一步之遥，皇帝却不肯回车一顾。雨落在地，不能再回至天上；水倒在地，难以再收回杯中。君王与阿娇之间的情意，如同流水一般各分东西。昔日阿娇如芙蓉花一样娇美，如今却像断根草一样可怜。以色相来吸引他人的女人，能够得宠到几时呢？

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译文注释

妾薄命：乐府旧题。郭茂倩《乐府诗集》卷六十二列于《杂曲歌辞》。
汉帝重阿娇：宠：一作“重”。阿娇：汉武帝陈皇后名。据《汉武故事》记载，汉武帝刘彻数岁时，他的姑母长公主问他：“儿欲得妇否？”指左右长御百余人，皆曰：“不用。”最后指其女阿娇问：“阿娇好否？”刘彻笑曰：“好！若得阿娇作妇，当作金屋贮之。”刘彻即位后，阿娇做了皇后，也曾宠极一时。”
②咳唾落九天，随风生珠玉：谓得势者一切皆贵也。赵壹《刺世疾邪赋》：“势家多所宜，咳唾自成珠。”
妒深情却疏：《汉书·陈皇后传》：“初武帝得立为太子，长主有力。取主女为妃。及帝即位，立为皇后，擅宠骄贵，十余年而无子。闻卫子夫得幸，几死者数焉，上愈怒。后又挟妇人媚道，颇觉。元光五年，上遂穷治之。……使有司赐皇后策曰：‘皇后失序，惑于巫祝，不可以承天命。其上玺绶，罢退居长门宫。’”
长门一步地，不肯暂回车：谓阿娇失宠之深。长门，即长门宫。
雨落不上天，水覆难再收：言事不可挽回也。难再收，一作“难重收”，一作“重难收”。传说姜太公的妻子马氏，不堪太公的贫困而离开了他。到太公富贵的时候，她又回来找太公请求和好。太公取了一盆水泼在地上，令其收之，不得，太公就对她说：“若言离更合，覆水定难收。”
君：指汉武帝。
妾：指阿娇。
芙蓉花：指荷花。
断根草：比喻失宠。王琦注云：“陶弘景《仙方注》云：断肠草不可食，其花美好，名芙蓉。琦按，此说似乎新颖，而揆之取义，断肠不若断根之当也。”

来源：古诗文网

赏析

这首五言古诗《妾薄命》是唐代大诗李白的作品。此诗“依题立义”，通过叙述陈皇后阿娇由得宠到失宠之事，揭示了封建社会中妇女以色事人，色衰而爱弛的悲剧命运。
这首五言古诗《妾薄命》属乐府杂曲歌辞。李白的这首《妾薄命》通过对汉武帝皇后陈阿娇逃脱不了色衰而爱驰的悲惨终局的描写，表达了一种悲悯，悲悯当中又有一种启示。
全诗十六句，每四句基本为一个层次。诗的前四句，先写阿娇的受宠，而从“金屋藏娇”写起，欲抑先扬，以反衬失宠后的冷落。据《汉武故事》记载：汉武帝刘彻数岁时，他的姑母长公主问他：“儿欲得妇否？”指左右长御百余人，皆曰... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

李白（701－762），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。汉族，祖籍陇西成纪，出生于碎叶城（当时属唐朝领土，今属吉尔吉斯斯坦），4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。李白生活在盛唐时期，二十五岁时只身出蜀，开始了广泛漫游生活，南到洞庭湘江，东至吴、越，寓居在安陆、应山。直到天宝元年（742），因道士吴筠的推荐，李白被召至长安，供奉翰林，后因不能见容于权贵，在京仅两年半，就赐金放还而去，然后飘荡四方的漫游生活。李白和杜甫并称“李杜”。他的诗歌既反映了时代的繁荣景象，也揭露了统治阶级的荒淫和腐败，表现出蔑视权贵，反抗传统束缚，追求自由和理想的积极精神。百科详情>>

妾薄命

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