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孤儿行

【作者】佚名【朝代】汉

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shēng

生

bù

不

lè

乐

，

bù

不

rú

如

zǎo

早

qù

去

，

xià

下

cóng

从

dì

地

xià

下

huáng

黄

quán

泉

。

chūn

春

qì

气

dòng

动

，

cǎo

草

méng

萌

yá

芽

。

sān

三

yuè

月

cán

蚕

sāng

桑

，

liù

六

yuè

月

shōu

收

guā

瓜

。

jiāng

将

shì

是

guā

瓜

chē

车

，

lái

来

dào

到

hái

还

jiā

家

。

guā

瓜

chē

车

fǎn

反

fù

覆

。

zhù

助

wǒ

我

zhě

者

shǎo

少

，

dàn

啖

guā

瓜

zhě

者

duō

多

。

yuàn

愿

hái

还

wǒ

我

dì

蒂

，

xiōng

兄

yǔ

与

sǎo

嫂

yán

严

。

dú

独

qiě

且

jí

急

guī

归

，

dāng

当

xīng

兴

xiào

校

jì

计

。

luàn

乱

yuē

曰

：

lǐ

里

zhōng

中

yī

一

hé

何

náo

譊

náo

譊

，

yuàn

愿

yù

欲

jì

寄

chǐ

尺

shū

书

，

jiāng

将

yǔ

与

dì

地

xià

下

fù

父

mǔ

母

，

xiōng

兄

sǎo

嫂

nán

难

yǔ

与

jiǔ

久

jū

居

。

孤儿生，孤子遇生，命独当苦。
父母在时，乘坚车，驾驷马。
父母已去，兄嫂令我行贾。
南到九江，东到齐与鲁。
腊月来归，不敢自言苦。
头多虮虱，面目多尘土。
大兄言办饭，大嫂言视马。
上高堂，行取殿下堂。
孤儿泪下如雨。
使我朝行汲，暮得水来归。
手为错，足下无菲。
怆怆履霜，中多蒺藜。
拔断蒺藜肠肉中，怆欲悲。
泪下渫渫，清涕累累。
冬无复襦，夏无单衣。
居生不乐，不如早去，下从地下黄泉。
春气动，草萌芽。
三月蚕桑，六月收瓜。
将是瓜车，来到还家。
瓜车反覆。助我者少，啖瓜者多。
愿还我蒂，兄与嫂严。
独且急归，当兴校计。
乱曰：里中一何譊譊，愿欲寄尺书，
将与地下父母，兄嫂难与久居。

标签:

写人抒情生活

译文注释

孤儿啊，出生了。这个孤儿出生的偶然的际遇注定命运中当受无尽的孤苦。父母在的时候，乘坐坚实的好车，驾驭多匹宝马。父母离世之后，哥嫂啊，让我出门远行做买卖。南到九江，东到齐鲁，年根腊月才回来。我不敢说句“苦”。头发脏乱，多虮虱，脸上满尘土，大哥指派我去做饭。大嫂指派我去看马。一会跑上高堂，一会奔往下殿，我这个孤儿啊。泪如雨，下早上让我去打水。晚上又背水归来，手儿冻裂无人问，脚上无鞋谁人知悲，悲戚戚踩着寒霜大地，脚中肉里扎着蒺藜，拔断了蒺藜还有一半长肉中，伤心悲苦泪水涟涟，冻得我清鼻涕流不尽。整个冬天穿单衣可是夏天单衣也没有啊。这样长久的活着没有一丝欢乐，不如早点离开这个世界，下到地下的黄泉之间，春天的气息又萌发，草儿也萌芽，三月养蚕又抽桑，六月收瓜来拉着，这个瓜车将要回家，瓜车翻了啊，帮我的人少，趁机吃瓜的人多。希望你们将瓜蒂还给我，因为我的哥嫂严厉，独自一人急急回家，哥哥嫂嫂会为此计较乱曰。(结尾总结句)村中怎么这么吵闹，希望寄上一封书信带给地下的父母爹娘啊，兄嫂难以和我长久生活。

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赏析

此篇通过孤儿对自己悲苦命运和内心哀痛的诉述，真实有力地描绘了了社会的人情冷漠与人们道德观念的扭曲，揭露了社会关怀与信任基础解体前的黑暗与冷血，是一首具有强烈的人道主义感染力的优秀作。
全诗分为三部分：一、首三句孤儿慨叹自己偶然生在世上，偏偏数他命苦。“遇”是“偶”的假借，“遇生”意思谓偶然而生。以慨叹之语带起全篇，一开始就引人进入充满悲剧气氛的情境之中。二、“父母在时”至“当兴校计”，历叙孤儿年年月月、无休无止地遭受兄嫂种种虐待，是诗的主体部分。三、“乱”词以孤儿不堪兄嫂折磨的绝望心绪作结，既贯连第二部分的叙事，又与第一... 古诗文网>>

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