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老子·八章

【作者】老子【朝代】先秦

拼音

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shuǐ

水

。

shuǐ

水

shàn

善

lì

利

wàn

万

wù

物

ér

而

bù

不

zhēng

争

，

chù

处

zhòng

众

rén

人

zhī

之

suǒ

所

恶

，

gù

故

jǐ

几

yú

于

dào

道

。

jū

居

shàn

善

dì

地

，

xīn

心

shàn

善

yuān

渊

，

yǔ

与

shàn

善

rén

仁

，

yán

言

shàn

善

xìn

信

，

zhèng

政

shàn

善

zhì

治

，

shì

事

shàn

善

néng

能

，

dòng

动

shàn

善

shí

时

。

fū

夫

wéi

唯

bù

不

zhēng

争

，

gù

故

wú

无

yóu

尤

。

上善若水。
水善利万物而不争，处众人之所恶，故几于道。
居善地，心善渊，与善仁，言善信，政善治，事善能，动善时。
夫唯不争，故无尤。

译文注释

最高境界的善行就好像水一样。水善于滋润万物而不与万物相争，停留在众人都不喜欢的地方，所以最接近于道。善于选择地方居住处所，心胸善于保持沉静而深不可测，待人善于真诚、友爱和无私，说话善于恪守信用，为政善于有条有理，办事善于发挥能力，行动善于把握时机。正因为他与世无争，所以才不会招惹怨恨，所以没有过失，也就没有怨咎。

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赏析

老子在自然界万事万物中最赞美水，认为水德是近于道的。它没有固定的形体，随着外界的变化而变化；它没有周定的色彩，染于苍则苍，染于黄则黄；它没有固定的居所，沿着外界的地形而流动；它最大的特性就是多变，或为潺潺清泉，或为飞泻激流，或为奔腾江河，或为汪洋大海；它川流不息，却没有穷竭之时。这不就是老子在前面几章中描绘的道的特质吗居善地：即处于适当的位置，它不一定是最好、最高的位置，还可能是别人最厌恶的地方。我们常常说在社会中最重要的是找准自己的位置，如上学时选择专业，出来后找工作。有时我们太过看重外界的评价，太过注重虚荣，而换来换去，殊不... >>

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